Residential Solar
Residential Solar panels work off of photovoltaic principles inherent in most semiconductors. In photovoltaic energy transfer, sunlight strikes the surface of a crystallized semiconductor. The one used in commercially sold panels is silicon. When the light strikes the crystal, it causes the crystal to emit an electric current. The crystals are backed by wiring to channel the current, and a series of panels can be set up as an array to further boost the amount of current they produce.
There are several varieties of panels available on the market. The most common is a third generation silicon crystal panel. These panels are efficient enough to pay for their purchase price in 5-7 years of power production. This means you are essentially getting three to eight years of free power in the engineered lifetime of a solar panel. A newly emerging technology is the thin film solar array. This new technology allows solar panels to be made utilizing much less material than is needed for traditional methods. While they are less efficient currently than the more established crystal arrays, they also don't need to produce nearly as much power to meet their production costs.
Regardless of what type of panel you decide to go with, odds are you will want to hook your solar array into the existing power grid. This is because grid-tie systems will enable you to still receive power should your panels malfunction. Even more importantly however, recent legislation has mandated that in many areas, the power company must buy excess power that you generate. That means that you could potentially be receiving a check from the power company, rather than writing one.
Solar panel manufacturing technology
In crystalline silicon solar cells, the orderly arrangement of atoms results in the efficient conversion of sunlight to electricity. A typical crystalline silicon solar panel consists of a transparent glass surface, an ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant, a Tedlar rear layer and an aluminum outer frame.
Because it uses less semiconductor material thin-film deposition is easier and less expensive than crystalline silicon-ingot growth techniques because it uses less semiconductor material. The three principal thin-film technologies are amorphous silicon (a-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS). These processes produce high-efficiency modules that can be built directly into roofing shingles for aesthetic architectural considerations.
Effective string-ribbon manufacturing combines conventional crystalline silicon and emerging thin film technology. The high-temperature, molten process contributes to a double yield over conventional solar panel construction per pound of silicon for high material efficiency.
Photovoltaic (PV) systems
toward the sun, an inverter to convert panel-generated direct current (DC) into appliance-friendly alternating current (AC), battery storage to compensate for unfavorable weather conditions, and a charge controller to regulate battery operation.
Grid-tie Solar Systems are interconnected to the utility network. Wired with a synchronizing inverter, grid-tie systems feed surplus electricity back into the local utility. The utility acts as an infinite storage system, eliminating the need for batteries. Grid-tie systems are aligned with many government-sponsored incentives.
Off-grid systems are stand-alone systems designed for RV, cabin, remote, backup and portable power applications. Because they do not rely on the electrical grid, off-grid systems require batteries to offset lesser power production due to prolonged periods of inclement weather. Hybrid off-grid systems use a gasoline, propane or diesel generator to compensate for solar power production that is insufficient for energy demands. Then add solar panels as the budget allows, reducing generator run time. Even with the significant initial cost of solar power systems, the renewable nature of PV technology, low system maintenance, and numerous tax incentives make solar panel systems an attractive investment for powering homes and businesses.
Residential solar home kits have everything you need to create the perfect energy-efficient solar powered home. You'll find panels and cells are easy to install, as well as fans, heaters and air conditioners to keep your home temperature just right. Don't forget about money saving appliances like refrigerators, stoves and ovens as well! Commercial solar kits save energy and lower your costs on heating and cooling. Our solar panels, pumps, chargers, and generators will ensure power is continually available in your building. Consider accessories like solar water fountains or accent lighting for the office.
